Pagination

Watch the Pagination screencast

API Platform Core has native support for paged collections. Pagination is enabled by default for all collections. Each collections contains 30 items per page. The activation of the pagination and the number of elements per page can be configured from:

the server-side (globally or per resource)
the client-side, via a custom GET parameter (disabled by default)

When issuing a GET request on a collection containing more than 1 page (here /books), a Hydra collection is returned. It’s a valid JSON(-LD) document containing items of the requested page and metadata.

{
  "@context": "/contexts/Book",
  "@id": "/books",
  "@type": "hydra:Collection",
  "hydra:member": [
    {
      "@id": "/books/1",
      "@type": "http://schema.org/Book",
      "name": "My awesome book"
    },
    {
        "_": "Other items in the collection..."
    },
  ],
  "hydra:totalItems": 50,
  "hydra:view": {
    "@id": "/books?page=1",
    "@type": "hydra:PartialCollectionView",
    "hydra:first": "/books?page=1",
    "hydra:last": "/books?page=2",
    "hydra:next": "/books?page=2"
  }
}

Hypermedia links to the first, the last, previous and the next page in the collection are displayed as well as the number of total items in the collection.

The name of the page parameter can be changed with the following configuration:

# api/config/packages/api_platform.yaml
api_platform:
    collection:
        pagination:
            page_parameter_name: _page

# Disabling the Pagination

Paginating collections is generally accepted as a good practice. It allows browsing large collections without too much overhead as well as preventing DOS attacks. However, for small collections, it can be convenient to fully disable the pagination.

# Globally

The pagination can be disabled for all resources using this configuration:

# api/config/packages/api_platform.yaml
api_platform:
    collection:
        pagination:
            enabled: false

# For a Specific Resource

It can also be disabled for a specific resource:

<?php
// api/src/Entity/Book.php

use ApiPlatform\Core\Annotation\ApiResource;

/**
 * @ApiResource(attributes={"pagination_enabled"=false})
 */
class Book
{
    // ...
}

# Client-side

# Globally

You can configure API Platform Core to let the client enable or disable the pagination. To activate this feature globally, use the following configuration:

# api/config/packages/api_platform.yaml
api_platform:
    collection:
        pagination:
            client_enabled: true
            enabled_parameter_name: pagination # optional

The pagination can now be enabled or disabled by adding a query parameter named pagination:

GET /books?pagination=false: disabled
GET /books?pagination=true: enabled

Any value accepted by the FILTER_VALIDATE_BOOLEAN filter can be used as the value.

# For a specific resource

The client ability to disable the pagination can also be set in the resource configuration:

<?php
// api/src/Entity/Book.php

use ApiPlatform\Core\Annotation\ApiResource;

/**
 * @ApiResource(attributes={"pagination_client_enabled"=true})
 */
class Book
{
    // ...
}

# Changing the Number of Items per Page

In the same manner, the number of items per page is configurable and can be set client-side.

# Globally

The number of items per page can be configured for all resources:

# api/config/packages/api_platform.yaml
api_platform:
    collection:
        pagination:
            items_per_page: 30 # Default value

# For a Specific Resource

<?php
// api/src/Entity/Book.php

use ApiPlatform\Core\Annotation\ApiResource;

/**
 * @ApiResource(attributes={"pagination_items_per_page"=30})
 */
class Book
{
    // ...
}

# Client-side

# Globally

# api/config/packages/api_platform.yaml
api_platform:
    collection:
        pagination:
            client_items_per_page: true # Disabled by default
            items_per_page_parameter_name: itemsPerPage # Default value

The number of items per page can now be changed adding a query parameter named itemsPerPage: GET /books?itemsPerPage=20.

# For a Specific Resource

Changing the number of items per page can be enabled (or disabled) for a specific resource:

<?php
// api/src/Entity/Book.php

use ApiPlatform\Core\Annotation\ApiResource;

/**
 * @ApiResource(attributes={"pagination_client_items_per_page"=true})
 */
class Book
{
    // ...
}

# Changing Maximum items per page

# Globally

The number of maximum items per page can be configured for all resources:

# api/config/packages/api_platform.yaml
api_platform:
    collection:
        pagination:
            maximum_items_per_page: 50

# For a Specific Resource

<?php
// api/src/Entity/Book.php

use ApiPlatform\Core\Annotation\ApiResource;

/**
 * @ApiResource(
 *     attributes={"maximum_items_per_page"=50}
 * )
 */
class Book
{
    // ...
}

# For a Specific Resource Collection Operation

<?php
// api/src/Entity/Book.php

use ApiPlatform\Core\Annotation\ApiResource;

/**
 * @ApiResource(
 *     collectionOperations={
 *         "get"={"maximum_items_per_page"=50}
 *     }
 * )
 */
class Book
{
    // ...
}

# Partial Pagination

When using the default pagination, a COUNT query will be issued against the current requested collection. This may have a performance impact on really big collections. The downside is that the information about the last page is lost (ie: hydra:last).

# Globally

The partial pagination retrieval can be configured for all resources:

# api/config/packages/api_platform.yaml

api_platform:
    collection:
        pagination:
            partial: true # Disabled by default

# For a Specific Resource

<?php

// api/src/Entity/Book.php

use ApiPlatform\Core\Annotation\ApiResource;

/**
 * @ApiResource(attributes={"pagination_partial"=true})
 */
class Book
{
    // ...
}

# Client-side

# Globally

# api/config/packages/api_platform.yaml

api_platform:
    collection:
        pagination:
            client_partial: true # Disabled by default
            partial_parameter_name: 'partial' # Default value

The partial pagination retrieval can now be changed by toggling a query parameter named partial: GET /books?partial=true.

# For a Specific Resource

<?php

// api/src/Entity/Book.php

use ApiPlatform\Core\Annotation\ApiResource;

/**
 * @ApiResource(attributes={"pagination_client_partial"=true})
 */
class Book
{
    // ...
}

# Cursor based pagination

To configure your resource to use the cursor-based pagination, select your unique sorted field as well as the direction you’ll like the pagination to go via filters and enable the pagination_via_cursor option. Note that for now you have to declare a RangeFilter and an OrderFilter on the property used for the cursor-based pagination.

The following configuration also works on a specific operation:

<?php

// api/src/Entity/Book.php

use ApiPlatform\Core\Annotation\ApiFilter;
use ApiPlatform\Core\Annotation\ApiResource;
use ApiPlatform\Core\Bridge\Doctrine\MongoDbOdm\Filter\OrderFilter;
use ApiPlatform\Core\Bridge\Doctrine\MongoDbOdm\Filter\RangeFilter;

/**
 * @ApiResource(attributes={
 *     "pagination_partial"=true,
 *     "pagination_via_cursor"={
 *         {"field"="id", "direction"="DESC"},
 *     },
 * )
 * @ApiFilter(RangeFilter::class, properties={"id"})
 * @ApiFilter(OrderFilter::class, properties={"id"="DESC"})
 */
class Book
{
    // ...
}

To know more about cursor-based pagination take a look at this blog post on medium (draft).

# Controlling the behavior of the Doctrine ORM Paginator

The PaginationExtension of API Platform performs some checks on the QueryBuilder to guess, in most common cases, the correct values to use when configuring the Doctrine ORM Paginator:

$fetchJoinCollection argument: Whether there is a join to a collection-valued association. When set to true, the Doctrine ORM Paginator will perform an additional query, in order to get the correct number of results.

You can configure this using the pagination_fetch_join_collection attribute on a resource or on a per-operation basis:

<?php
// api/src/Entity/Book.php

use ApiPlatform\Core\Annotation\ApiResource;

/**
* @ApiResource(
*     attributes={"pagination_fetch_join_collection"=false},
*     collectionOperations={
*         "get",
*         "get_custom"={
*             ...
*             "pagination_fetch_join_collection"=true,
*         },
*     },
* )
*/
class Book
{
    // ...
}

setUseOutputWalkers setter: Whether to use output walkers. When set to true, the Doctrine ORM Paginator will use output walkers, which are compulsory for some types of queries.

You can configure this using the pagination_use_output_walkers attribute on a resource or on a per-operation basis:

<?php
// api/src/Entity/Book.php

use ApiPlatform\Core\Annotation\ApiResource;

/**
* @ApiResource(
*     attributes={"pagination_use_output_walkers"=false},
*     collectionOperations={
*         "get",
*         "get_custom"={
*             ...
*             "pagination_use_output_walkers"=true,
*         },
*     },
* )
*/
class Book
{
    // ...
}

For more information, please see the Pagination entry in the Doctrine ORM documentation.

# Custom Controller Action

In case you’re using a custom controller action, make sure you return the Paginator object to get the full hydra response with hydra:view (which contains information about first, last, next and previous page). The following examples show how to handle it within a repository method. The controller needs to pass through the page number. You will need to use the Doctrine Paginator and pass it to the API Platform Paginator.

First example:

<?php

// api/src/Repository/BookRepository.php

namespace App\Repository;

use App\Entity\Book;
use Doctrine\Bundle\DoctrineBundle\Repository\ServiceEntityRepository;
use Doctrine\Persistence\ManagerRegistry;
use Symfony\Component\Security\Core\Authentication\Token\Storage\TokenStorageInterface;
use Doctrine\ORM\Tools\Pagination\Paginator as DoctrinePaginator;
use ApiPlatform\Core\Bridge\Doctrine\Orm\Paginator;
use Doctrine\Common\Collections\Criteria;

class BookRepository extends ServiceEntityRepository
{
    const ITEMS_PER_PAGE = 20;

    private $tokenStorage;

    public function __construct(
        ManagerRegistry $registry,
        TokenStorageInterface $tokenStorage
    ) {
        $this->tokenStorage = $tokenStorage;
        parent::__construct($registry, Book::class);
    }

    public function getBooksByFavoriteAuthor(int $page = 1): Paginator
    {
        $firstResult = ($page -1) * self::ITEMS_PER_PAGE;

        $user = $this->tokenStorage->getToken()->getUser();
        $queryBuilder = $this->createQueryBuilder();
        $queryBuilder->select('b')
            ->from(Book::class, 'b')
            ->where('b.author = :author')
            ->setParameter('author', $user->getFavoriteAuthor()->getId())
            ->andWhere('b.publicatedOn IS NOT NULL');

        $criteria = Criteria::create()
            ->setFirstResult($firstResult)
            ->setMaxResults(self::ITEMS_PER_PAGE);
        $queryBuilder->addCriteria($criteria);

        $doctrinePaginator = new DoctrinePaginator($queryBuilder);
        $paginator = new Paginator($doctrinePaginator);

        return $paginator;
    }
}

The Controller would look like this:

<?php

// api/src/Controller/Book/GetBooksByFavoriteAuthorAction.php

namespace App\Controller\Book;

use ApiPlatform\Core\Bridge\Doctrine\Orm\Paginator;
use App\Repository\BookRepository;
use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request;

class GetBooksByFavoriteAuthorAction extends AbstractController
{
    public function __invoke(Request $request, BookRepository $bookRepository): Paginator
    {
        $page = (int) $request->query->get('page', 1);

        return $bookRepository->getBooksByFavoriteAuthor($page);
    }
}

The service needs to use the proper repository method. You can also use the Query object inside the repository method and pass it to the Paginator instead of passing the QueryBuilder and using Criteria. Second Example:

<?php

// api/src/Repository/BookRepository.php

namespace App\Repository;

// use...

class BookRepository extends ServiceEntityRepository
{
    // constant, variables and constructor...

    public function getBooksByFavoriteAuthor(int $page = 1): Paginator
    {
        $firstResult = ($page -1) * self::ITEMS_PER_PAGE;

        $user = $this->tokenStorage->getToken()->getUser();
        $queryBuilder = $this->createQueryBuilder();
        $queryBuilder->select('b')
            ->from(Book::class, 'b')
            ->where('b.author = :author')
            ->setParameter('author', $user->getFavoriteAuthor()->getId())
            ->andWhere('b.publicatedOn IS NOT NULL');

        $query = $queryBuilder->getQuery()
            ->setFirstResult($firstResult)
            ->setMaxResults(self::ITEMS_PER_PAGE);

        $doctrinePaginator = new DoctrinePaginator($query);
        $paginator = new Paginator($doctrinePaginator);

        return $paginator;
    }
}

Pagination

Table of Contents

# Disabling the Pagination

# Globally

# For a Specific Resource

# Client-side

# Globally

# For a specific resource

# Changing the Number of Items per Page

# Globally

# For a Specific Resource

# Client-side

# Globally

# For a Specific Resource

# Changing Maximum items per page

# Globally

# For a Specific Resource

# For a Specific Resource Collection Operation

# Partial Pagination

# Globally

# For a Specific Resource

# Client-side

# Globally

# For a Specific Resource

# Cursor based pagination

# Controlling the behavior of the Doctrine ORM Paginator

# Custom Controller Action